Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

38.3K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
38.3K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

15.8K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
15.8K
Polygenic Traits01:18

Polygenic Traits

69.3K
When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...
69.3K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

18.7K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
18.7K
Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

4.5K
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
4.5K
Epistasis Analysis01:09

Epistasis Analysis

5.9K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Proteomic Signatures of 3-Year Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Diabetes care·2026
Same author

Estimation of direct and indirect polygenic effects and gene-environment interactions using polygenic scores in case-parent trio studies.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Plasma metabolomic profiles associated with cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

Atherosclerosis·2026
Same author

Effects of hearing intervention on physical function: A secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE study.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Traumatic brain injury and risk of early-onset dementia: A population-based cohort study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Proteomic-based Aging Clocks and MRI Markers of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: ARIC and MESA.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

4.9K

USAT: A Unified Score-Based Association Test for Multiple Phenotype-Genotype Analysis.

Debashree Ray1, James S Pankow2, Saonli Basu1

  • 1Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, United States of America.

Genetic Epidemiology
|December 8, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) can miss genetic associations in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A new unified score-based test statistic (USAT) improves detection power for correlated traits.

Keywords:
GWASMANOVASSUmultiple correlated phenotypesmultivariate analysisscore-based test

More Related Videos

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.8K
A Simple Composite Phenotype Scoring System for Evaluating Mouse Models of Cerebellar Ataxia
07:33

A Simple Composite Phenotype Scoring System for Evaluating Mouse Models of Cerebellar Ataxia

Published on: May 21, 2010

37.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
08:27

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization

Published on: July 27, 2021

4.9K
Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.8K
A Simple Composite Phenotype Scoring System for Evaluating Mouse Models of Cerebellar Ataxia
07:33

A Simple Composite Phenotype Scoring System for Evaluating Mouse Models of Cerebellar Ataxia

Published on: May 21, 2010

37.3K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Statistical Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) analyze complex diseases using multiple correlated phenotypes.
  • Multivariate analysis enhances the power to detect genetic variants associated with these phenotypes.
  • The behavior of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in GWASs requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the power and limitations of MANOVA in GWASs for correlated phenotypes.
  • To develop a novel statistical method that overcomes MANOVA's limitations.
  • To evaluate the performance of the proposed method against existing approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation and simulations of MANOVA's behavior under different trait models.
  • Development of a unified score-based test statistic (USAT).
  • Comparison of USAT with MANOVA and other methods using extensive simulations.

Main Results:

  • MANOVA is generally powerful but can lack detection power when a genetic variant associates with all traits.
  • Marginal model-based methods outperform MANOVA in specific scenarios where MANOVA loses power.
  • USAT demonstrates improved performance over MANOVA in challenging situations and comparable performance elsewhere.

Conclusions:

  • USAT offers a powerful and computationally efficient alternative for detecting genetic associations with multivariate phenotypes in GWASs.
  • The proposed USAT method can enhance the discovery of genetic variants underlying complex diseases.
  • Application of USAT to the ARIC study identified significant associations with three correlated traits.