Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
Published on: May 26, 2023
Thoracoscopy in pleural effusion--two techniques: awake single-access video-assisted thoracic surgery versus 2-ports
Massimo Cajozzo1, Giorgio Lo Iacono1, Francesco Raffaele1
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche, Palermo, Italy.
Unlabelled:
Awake single access video-assisted thoracic surgery with local anesthesia improves procedure tolerance, reduces postoperative stay and costs.
Materials & Methods:
Local anesthesia was made with lidocaine and ropivacaine. We realize one 20 mm incision for the 'single-access', and two incisions for the '2-trocars technique'.
Results:
Mortality rate was 0% in both groups. Postoperative stay: 3 dd ± 4 versus 4 dd ± 5, mean operative time: 39 min versus 37 min (p < 0.05). Chest tube duration: 2dd ± 5 versus 3 dd ± 6.
Complications:
11/95 versus 10/79.
Conclusion:
Awake technique reduce postoperative hospital stay and chest drainage duration, similar complications and recurrence rate. The authors can say that 'awake single-access VATS' is an optimal diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the management of pleural effusions, but above extends surgical indication to high-risk patients.
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