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Exacerbations in neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy are characterized by increased air trapping
Paul R Houin1,2, Robin R Deterding1, Lisa R Young3
1Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
Abstract:
Neuroendocrine cell Hyperplasia of Infancy (NEHI) presents with tachypnea, retractions, hypoxemia, and often failure to thrive. The radiologic and physiologic findings in infants with NEHI have been well described with a distinct geographic pattern of ground-glass opacities on chest computerized tomography imaging and profound air-trapping on infant pulmonary function testing. Despite gradual improvement over time, unexplained exacerbation has been observed but not well characterized. We present physiological and radiological changes of increased air-trapping during acute exacerbations in two older children with NEHI who had previously experienced significant clinical improvement. These cases illustrate previously undescribed manifestations of NEHI in older children.
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