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Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
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[Higher Brain Dysfunction].

Haruo Kashima

    Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Psychiatria Et Neurologia Japonica
    |December 9, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Higher brain dysfunction, common in Japan, lacks a clear definition. This study clarifies its distinction from elementary brain dysfunction, emphasizing psychiatric assessment and introducing a mild Alzheimer's test.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Neurology

    Context:

    • The term "higher brain dysfunction" is prevalent in Japan but often lacks precise definition.
    • Distinguishing between "higher" and "elementary" brain dysfunctions requires careful consideration of lesion localization and symptom patterns.

    Purpose:

    • To clarify the meaning of "higher" in the context of brain dysfunction.
    • To differentiate higher brain dysfunctions from elementary brain dysfunctions.
    • To highlight the necessity of a psychiatric approach in assessing higher brain dysfunction.

    Summary:

    • This article explores the ambiguity surrounding "higher brain dysfunction," proposing it relates to meaning-associated functions.
    • It contrasts higher and elementary brain dysfunctions based on lesion localization and symptom consistency.

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  • A psychiatric approach is deemed essential for evaluating higher brain dysfunction, and a simple test for mild Alzheimer-type dementia is presented.

    • Impact:

    • Enhances understanding of complex neurological and psychiatric conditions.
    • Provides a framework for more accurate diagnosis and assessment of brain dysfunction.
    • Offers practical tools for identifying early-stage dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease.