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Related Concept Videos

UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

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Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
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G-Fresnel smartphone spectrometer.

Chenji Zhang1, Gong Cheng2, Perry Edwards1

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. ZLiu@engr.psu.edu.

Lab on a Chip
|December 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

We developed a smartphone spectrometer for measuring protein concentration. This portable device uses a G-Fresnel lens for nanometer resolution in the visible spectrum, enabling easy quantification via Bradford assay.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Spectrometers are crucial for chemical analysis but are often bulky and expensive.
  • Miniaturization of analytical instruments is a key trend in modern science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a compact, high-resolution spectrometer using smartphone technology.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of smartphone-based spectroscopy for biochemical assays.

Main Methods:

  • A G-Fresnel device was engineered to provide both focusing and dispersion.
  • This device was integrated into a smartphone for spectral measurements in the visible range.
  • The spectrometer's performance was validated using the Bradford assay for protein quantification.

Main Results:

  • The smartphone spectrometer achieved nanometer resolution.
  • The device successfully quantified protein concentration using the Bradford assay.
  • The G-Fresnel device enabled significant miniaturization of the spectrometer.

Conclusions:

  • Smartphone-based spectrometers offer a viable, portable alternative to traditional instruments.
  • This technology has potential applications in point-of-care diagnostics and field analysis.
  • Further development could expand the utility of mobile spectroscopy in various scientific fields.