Manganese tolerance in yeasts involves polyphosphate, magnesium, and vacuolar alterations
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Published on: April 19, 2013
Lubov Ryazanova1, Anton Zvonarev1, Tatiana Rusakova1
1Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia.
Abstract:
Basidiomycetous and ascomycetous yeast species were tested for manganese tolerance. Basidiomycetous Cryptococcus humicola, Cryptococcus terricola, Cryptococcus curvatus and ascomycetous Candida maltosa, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Kuraishia capsulata, Lindnera fabianii and Sacharomyces cerevisiae were able to grow at manganese excess (2.5 mmol/L), while the growth of basidiomycetous Rhodotorula bogoriensis was completely suppressed. The lag phase duration increased and the exponential growth rate decreased at manganese excess. The increase of cell size and enlargement of vacuoles were characteristics for the cells grown at manganese excess. The alterations in inorganic polyphosphate content and cellular localization were studied. L. fabianii, K. capsulata, C. maltosa, and Cr. humicola accumulated the higher amounts of inorganic polyphosphates, while Cr. terricola and Cr. curvatus demonstrated no such accumulation. The polyphosphate content in the cell wall tested by DAPI staining increased in all species under the study; however, this effect was more pronounced in Cr. terricola and Cr. curvatus. The accumulation of Mg(2+) in the cell wall under Mn(2+) excess was observed in Cr. humicola, Cr. curvatus and Cr. terricola. The accumulation of polyphosphate and magnesium in the cell wall was supposed to be a factor of manganese tolerance in yeasts.
Insights
Certain yeast species exhibit manganese tolerance by accumulating polyphosphate and magnesium in their cell walls. This adaptation allows them to grow under high manganese conditions, unlike sensitive species.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Environmental Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Manganese is an essential element for yeast but toxic at high concentrations.
- Yeast species exhibit varying tolerance levels to manganese excess.
- Understanding the mechanisms of manganese tolerance is crucial for industrial applications and environmental remediation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the tolerance of basidiomycetous and ascomycetous yeasts to manganese excess.
- To identify the cellular mechanisms, particularly inorganic polyphosphate and magnesium accumulation, involved in manganese tolerance.
- To compare the responses of different yeast species to manganese stress.
Main Methods:
- Yeast strains were cultured in media with excess manganese (2.5 mmol/L).
- Growth rates, lag phase duration, cell size, and vacuole morphology were analyzed.
- Inorganic polyphosphate content and cellular localization were assessed using DAPI staining.
- Magnesium accumulation in the cell wall was measured under manganese excess.
Main Results:
- Several yeast species, including Cryptococcus humicola and Candida maltosa, demonstrated tolerance to manganese excess.
- Rhodotorula bogoriensis growth was completely inhibited by manganese excess.
- Manganese excess led to increased cell size, enlarged vacuoles, and altered inorganic polyphosphate levels.
- Polyphosphate and magnesium accumulation in the cell wall was observed in tolerant yeast species.
Conclusions:
- Yeast species possess diverse mechanisms for coping with manganese toxicity.
- Accumulation of inorganic polyphosphates and magnesium in the cell wall appears to be a key factor in manganese tolerance.
- Further research can explore utilizing these tolerant yeasts in bioremediation or biotechnological processes.
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