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Characterizing the lacrimal punctal region using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Hannah M Timlin1, Pearse A Keane2, Alexander C Day2
1Lacrimal Clinic, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Acta Ophthalmologica
|December 10, 2015
Summary
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) reveals detailed lacrimal punctal structure in vivo, showing an average diameter larger than previously recorded. This non-invasive imaging aids in understanding punctal physiology and diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Anatomical Imaging
- Tear Drainage System Research
Background:
- Lacrimal punctum abnormalities can cause excessive tearing, impacting quality of life.
- Existing knowledge of punctal morphology is primarily from ex vivo studies, limiting understanding of in vivo structure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize lacrimal punctal structure using enhanced depth anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).
- To provide improved understanding of normal punctal morphology in living subjects.
Main Methods:
- Prospective collection of spectral domain OCT images from 40 lower puncta of 20 healthy volunteers.
- Qualitative and quantitative assessments of the OCT images were performed.
Main Results:
- The average external lower lid punctal diameter was 0.646 mm.
- Fifty-five percent of puncta appeared closed with open eyelids; fluid menisci were visible in 73%.
- A postpunctal 'ampulla' was observed in three subjects, with lateral dilatation.
Conclusions:
- OCT offers a rapid, non-invasive method for assessing lacrimal punctum and surrounding tissues.
- Punctal morphology assessment via OCT has potential for diagnosing and monitoring conditions related to tearing.
- The in vivo measured average punctal diameter exceeds previously documented anatomical measurements.
