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Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Variance in saccadic eye movements reflects stable traits.

Inga Meyhöfer¹, Katja Bertsch², Moritz Esser¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Psychophysiology

|December 10, 2015

Summary

Saccadic tasks reliably measure stable traits, not situational factors. These eye movement measures are highly trait-like, supporting their use as endophenotypes in genetic and psychiatric studies.

Keywords:

Eye movements Internal consistency Intraclass correlation coefficient Latent state-trait theory Reliability Saccade

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Psychiatry

Background:

Saccadic tasks are crucial for studying cognition, pharmacology, and psychiatric disorders.
Saccadic endophenotypes are assumed to be stable traits in genetic research.
Previous research confirmed high reliability but didn't quantify trait vs. state influences.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the trait and state components of saccadic performance.
To investigate situational influences and person-by-situation interactions in saccadic tasks.
To validate saccadic measures as reliable endophenotypes.

Main Methods:

68 healthy participants completed prosaccades, antisaccades, and memory-guided saccades across three weekly sessions.
Latent state-trait modeling was employed to partition variance.
Analysis focused on stable trait components, situational influences, and interaction effects.

Main Results:

Saccadic tasks demonstrated high to excellent reliability for mean variables.
Stable person effects accounted for approximately 60% of the variance in single measurements.
Situational aspects and person-by-situation interactions had negligible effects on saccadic performance.

Conclusions:

Saccadic variables in laboratory settings are highly reliable and largely unaffected by situational factors.
These findings strongly support the trait-like nature of saccadic measures.
Saccadic tasks are validated as robust endophenotypes for genetic and clinical research.