Chronic pain after TEP inguinal hernia repair, does MRI reveal a cause?

J P J Burgmans1, C E H Voorbrood2, T Van Dalen2

  • 1Department of Surgery/Hernia Clinic, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht/Zeist, Room: Secretariaat Heelkunde, Professor Lorentzlaan 76, 3707 HL, Zeist, The Netherlands. iburgmans@diakhuis.nl.

Abstract

Insights

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can confirm mesh placement after trans-epidermal plug (TEP) hernia repair but offers limited insight into specific causes of chronic groin pain. It helps identify non-surgical pain origins in some cases.

Area of Science:

  • Abdominal Surgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Persistent pain affects 2-5% of patients post-trans-epidermal plug (TEP) inguinal hernia repair.
  • A standardized diagnostic approach for this chronic groin pain is lacking.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable tool for evaluating inguinal hernias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the diagnostic yield of MRI in evaluating chronic groin pain after TEP inguinal hernia repair.
  • To determine the utility of MRI in identifying specific causes of post-TEP groin pain.

Main Methods:

  • Patients with groin pain >3 months post-TEP repair undergoing MRI were identified.
  • Two blinded observers used a checklist for potential pathologic findings.
  • Findings in painful, pain-free, and unoperated groins were compared; interobserver agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficients.

Main Results:

  • MRI revealed correct mesh position in 40% of patients with only minor fibrosis.
  • No predefined disorders were statistically more prevalent in painful groins; fibrosis was borderline significant (P=0.11).
  • MRI identified treatable findings in 15% of patients, explaining persistent groin pain.

Conclusions:

  • MRI is useful for confirming correct mesh placement and identifying non-surgical causes of post-TEP groin pain.
  • MRI has limited utility in pinpointing specific causes of groin repair-related pain.
  • A 'wait and see' approach resolved symptoms in most patients where MRI showed only minor fibrosis.