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The Relationship Between Maternal Periodontal Status of and Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants in Iran: A Case
Mohammad Reza Karimi1, Jalaleddin H Hamissi, Simin Rafieyan Naeini
1. jhamissi@qums.ac.ir.
Insights
Periodontitis is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant women with periodontitis had significantly higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB), highlighting the need for prenatal periodontal care.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Periodontology
- Public Health
Background:
- Periodontitis has been suggested to correlate with systemic health issues, including adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- Conflicting results exist regarding the association between periodontitis and pregnancy complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW).
- To inform the development of preventive periodontal disease programs for pregnant women.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 264 mothers.
- Utilized the Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN) to assess oral hygiene and periodontal disease.
Main Results:
- Mothers with periodontitis had 8 times higher rates of LBW in single deliveries compared to controls.
- Mothers with periodontitis had 10 times higher rates of LBW and 8 times higher rates of PTB in multiple deliveries compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Periodontal care is crucial for prenatal health programs.
- Preventive programs for periodontal disease in pregnant women are necessary to reduce adverse birth outcomes and associated societal costs.
- Further research is recommended to support the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases during pregnancy.
Aim & Background:
It has been suggested that periodontitis is associated with systemic alterations such as adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, some conflicting results have been reported. This study was conducted to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs of periodontal disease for pregnant women in this area.
Materials & Methods:
This case-control study was performed on 264 mothers. The index used to determine oral hygiene and periodontal diseases is Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN).
Results:
The mothers in the sample group with single delivery delivered 8 times low birth weight infants more than the mothers in the control group with single delivery. And also the mothers in the sample group with multiple deliveries; delivered 10 times low birth weight infants and 8 times premature infant more than the mothers in the control group.
Conclusion:
More studies should be carried out in through preventing and treating periodontal diseases, expenses incurred due to preterm labor and low birth weight decrease and the society will witness fewer mental problems suffered by such children as they grow up. So we can emphasize the importance of periodontal care in prenatal health programs. And we may suggest that a special program of periodontal disease prevention for pregnant women is very necessary.
