Metabolic syndrome update
1Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Human Nutrition, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|December 15, 2015
Summary
Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors including obesity and insulin resistance, significantly raises the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes can help manage it, though medications or surgery may be needed.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
- It encompasses atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, a pro-thrombotic state, and a pro-inflammatory state.
- Obesity and excess energy intake are primary contributors to metabolic syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the components and primary drivers of metabolic syndrome.
- To outline the potential interventions for managing metabolic syndrome.
Main Methods:
- This abstract is based on a review of existing literature and established medical knowledge regarding metabolic syndrome.
- No new experimental data were generated.
Main Results:
- Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a combination of specific risk factors.
- Lifestyle interventions are the first line of treatment.
- Pharmacological therapies and bariatric surgery are options for more severe cases.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic syndrome is a complex condition requiring comprehensive management.
- Lifestyle modification is crucial for reversing metabolic risk factors.
- Medical and surgical interventions may be necessary for effective control.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:19Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
4.4K
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
4.4K
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
6.7K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
6.7K
01:24Obesity
1.5K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.5K
01:40Overview of Metabolism
41.0K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
41.0K
01:19Regulation of Metabolism
12.3K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
12.3K
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
15.0K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
15.0K