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Related Experiment Video

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A Decrease in the Volume of Gray Matter as a Risk Factor for Postoperative Delirium Revealed by an Atlas-based

Akiko Shioiri1, Akeo Kurumaji1, Takashi Takeuchi1

  • 1Section of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older patients undergoing surgery are at risk for delirium. Reduced gray matter volume in temporal and limbic lobes, identified via MRI, may predict this postoperative complication.

Keywords:
Atlas-basedBrain MRIDeliriumPredisposing factorsROC curve analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Postoperative delirium is a common complication in elderly surgical patients.
  • While whole-brain atrophy is a suspected risk factor, specific brain region vulnerabilities remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific brain gray matter volumes and the risk of developing postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients.
  • To evaluate the predictive potential of brain structure analysis for postoperative delirium.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 116 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
  • Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to calculate gray matter volumes in specific brain regions using an atlas-based method.
  • Postoperative delirium was diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria.

Main Results:

  • 16.4% of patients developed delirium.
  • Patients with delirium showed significantly reduced gray matter volume in the temporal and limbic lobes compared to non-delirium patients.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that temporal lobe gyri volume could predict delirium with an area under the curve >0.8.

Conclusions:

  • Decreased gray matter volume in specific brain regions may be linked to vulnerability to postoperative delirium.
  • Atlas-based MRI analysis is a potential tool for pre-screening patients at risk for delirium.