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Overcoming crizotinib resistance in ALK-rearranged NSCLC with the second-generation ALK-inhibitor ceritinib
Ittai B Muller1, Adrianus J De Langen2, Richard J Honeywell1
1a Department of Medical Oncology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.
Abstract:
In up to 5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, the EML4-ALK translocation drives tumor progression. Treatment with the ALK inhibitor crizotinib is more effective than standard chemotherapy. However, resistance to crizotinib occurs after approximately 8 months. Ceritinib is the first second-generation ALK inhibitor approved for treatment of crizotinib-resistant NSCLC. Ceritinib inhibits two of the most common ALK-mutants that confer resistance to crizotinib: L1196 M and G1269A. Cells with ALK expression are more sensitive to ceritinib than crizotinib (IC50 25 nM vs. 150 nM, respectively). Alternative second-generation ALK inhibitors such as Alectinib, Brigatinib and PF-06463922 are currently in development, each affecting different crizotinib-resistant ALK target mutations. Genetic identification of crizotinib-resistant mutants is essential for selecting the optimal treatment strategy in NSCLC patients to overcome resistance and to increase progression-free survival.
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