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Information-Mediated Allee Effects in Breeding Habitat Selection.

Kenneth A Schmidt1, Jacob Johansson, Matthew G Betts

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Social information aids habitat selection but can cause Allee effects at low densities. This can amplify population declines or, conversely, rescue populations from ecological traps.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Social information is crucial for habitat selection in many species.
  • The population-level consequences of using social information for habitat selection are not well understood.
  • Low population densities can reduce the efficiency of social information, potentially leading to Allee effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general model for information-mediated Allee effects in breeding habitat selection.
  • To unify personal and social information, Allee effects, and ecological traps within a single framework.
  • To investigate how varying reliance on social information impacts population dynamics and extinction risk.

Main Methods:

  • Development of two general models for information-mediated Allee effects.
  • Incorporation of personal and social information use, including prospecting on conspecific breeding performance.
  • Simulation of population dynamics under different scenarios of information use and habitat availability.

Main Results:

  • Dependency on social information can lead to weak or strong Allee effects, influencing population extinction risk.
  • Abrupt transitions in population outcomes can occur due to reduced information transfer or minor changes in habitat composition.
  • Social information can amplify population declines exacerbated by environmental stressors like habitat loss, but also has the potential to rescue populations from ecological traps.

Conclusions:

  • Information-mediated Allee effects represent a significant factor in population dynamics, particularly under changing environmental conditions.
  • The reliance on social information can create positive feedback loops that accelerate population declines.
  • Understanding the interplay between social information, Allee effects, and habitat quality is critical for conservation efforts.