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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium antagonists and the kidney.

R D Loutzenhiser1, M Epstein

  • 1Nephrology Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125.

American Journal of Hypertension
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Calcium antagonists enhance kidney function by selectively dilating preglomerular vessels, improving glomerular filtration rate. Further studies are needed to confirm benefits in patients with acute renal insufficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Calcium antagonists are increasingly studied for their effects on renal function.
  • Their actions on the kidney can be characterized using in vitro isolated perfused kidney models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific effects of calcium antagonists on renal hemodynamics.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which calcium antagonists influence renal function, particularly in response to vasoconstrictors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an in vitro isolated perfused kidney model to assess calcium antagonist actions.
  • Employed a postischemic, hydronephrotic rat kidney model for direct visualization of renal arterioles.

Main Results:

  • Calcium antagonists did not affect vasodilated kidneys but altered responses to vasoconstrictor agents like norepinephrine.
  • Markedly augmented glomerular filtration rate with only modest improvement in renal perfusion in the presence of norepinephrine.
  • Demonstrated selective vasodilation of preglomerular vessels, explaining the preferential increase in glomerular filtration rate.

Conclusions:

  • Calcium antagonists may offer benefits in clinical settings with impaired renal hemodynamics.
  • Preliminary animal studies suggest a potential role in ameliorating renal dysfunction.
  • Prospective studies are necessary to validate the use of calcium antagonists in preventing acute renal insufficiency.

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