Neurocritical care for intracranial haemorrhage: a systematic review of recent studies

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Critical Care Medicine
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes high mortality and long-term disability globally.
• Guidelines for ICH management were updated in 2013 by the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association.
• Significant clinical research has emerged in the past decade for ICH diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent clinical evidence on neurocritical care and intensive care unit management of ICH patients.
• To synthesize findings from original studies published between September 2013 and July 2015.
• To provide insights into risk stratification and treatment strategies for ICH.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of original studies published between September 2013 and July 2015.
• Focus on neurocritical care and intensive care unit management of intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage.
• Inclusion of studies on risk stratification, hemodynamic management, mechanical ventilation, and neuroprotection.

Main Results:

• Evidence includes insights into risk stratification for ICH patients.
• Management strategies focus on hemodynamic variables and mechanical ventilation, including goal-directed fluid therapy and advanced monitoring.
• Studies address avoidance of hyperoxia and hyperventilation, alongside pharmacological neuroprotection.

Conclusions:

• Recent research provides valuable data for neurocritical and intensive care unit management of ICH.
• Optimal management involves careful attention to hemodynamic variables, mechanical ventilation, and neuroprotective strategies.
• Continued research is crucial for improving outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.