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Assessing Agrochemical Risk to Mated Honey Bee Queens
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Systemic Imidacloprid Affects Intraguild Parasitoids Differently.

Sally V Taylor1, Hannah J Burrack1, R Michael Roe1

  • 1Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.

Plos One
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The insecticide imidacloprid reduced parasitism by Toxoneuron nigriceps, but not Campoletis sonorensis, in the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens. Imidacloprid residues were found in T. nigriceps, but not C. sonorensis, indicating differential impacts on biological control agents.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Entomology
  • Insect Ecology
  • Pest Management

Background:

  • Toxoneuron nigriceps and Campoletis sonorensis are key parasitoids for biological control of Heliothis virescens.
  • Neonicotinoid insecticides, like imidacloprid, are widely used in agriculture.
  • Understanding insecticide impacts on non-target beneficial insects is crucial for integrated pest management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of imidacloprid on parasitism rates of T. nigriceps and C. sonorensis on H. virescens.
  • To determine the presence and concentration of imidacloprid and its metabolites in host larvae and parasitoids.
  • To assess the differential impact of imidacloprid on parasitoids with similar ecological niches.

Main Methods:

  • Field and greenhouse experiments comparing parasitism rates on H. virescens fed imidacloprid-treated and untreated tobacco.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify imidacloprid and metabolite concentrations in larvae and parasitoids.
  • Monitoring of adult female lifespan for T. nigriceps.

Main Results:

  • Parasitism rates of T. nigriceps were reduced by imidacloprid exposure, while C. sonorensis rates were unaffected.
  • Imidacloprid and its metabolites were detected in H. virescens larvae, T. nigriceps larvae, and T. nigriceps adults.
  • No detectable imidacloprid residues were found in C. sonorensis larvae or adults.
  • Preliminary data suggested reduced adult female lifespan in T. nigriceps.

Conclusions:

  • Imidacloprid exposure can differentially affect parasitoid species that share the same host and ecological niche.
  • Insecticide residues can accumulate in certain parasitoids, potentially impacting their efficacy and survival.
  • These findings highlight the complex multi-trophic effects of insecticides and the need for careful consideration in pest management strategies.