Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
Published on: September 26, 2013
Th9 and Th22 immune response in young patients with type 1 diabetes
Monika Ryba-Stanisławowska1, Paulina Werner2, Agnieszka Brandt3
1Department of Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland. akinomab@gumed.edu.pl.
Abstract:
Th17, Th22 and Th9 are recently discovered effector populations that may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The presented study aimed to investigate the link between Th22 and Th9 subsets in type 1 diabetes, as this disease involves different subsets of CD4+ T lymphocytes. The study groups consisted of 23 patients with type 1 diabetes and 11 healthy individuals. All subjects had CD4+IL-22 Th22 and CD4+IL-9 Th9 lymphocytes investigated by flow cytometry. In addition, the plasma concentrations of IL-22 as well as IL-9 were analyzed. Our study demonstrated that Th9 and Th22 cell counts as well as their plasma cytokines were upregulated in patients with type 1 and correlated with HbA1c and CRP values. Taking these all into account, one can conclude that Th22 and Th9 lymphocyte activities may contribute to chronic, low-level inflammation that is considered an integral part of type 1 diabetes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
T Cell Types and Functions
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions
What is the Immune System?
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...

