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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory Pathway01:15

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Data Acquisition and Analysis In Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry In Mice
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Auditory Brain Stem Responses Recorded With Uncushioned Earphones.

R R Marsh, C A Knightly

    American Journal of Audiology
    |December 15, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Removing earphone cushions for auditory brain stem response (ABR) testing in infants may not significantly impact results, despite sound level changes. This finding is crucial for optimizing infant hearing assessments.

    Area of Science:

    • Audiology
    • Neuroscience
    • Infant Hearing Assessment

    Background:

    • Cushioned earphones are standard for pure-tone audiometry.
    • Cushions may pose challenges for auditory brain stem response (ABR) testing in infants due to size and ear canal collapse risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of using an uncushioned earphone during ABR testing.
    • To assess signal attenuation and ABR waveform changes without an earphone cushion.

    Main Methods:

    • Adult participants were tested using ABR with and without standard earphone cushions.
    • Probe-tube microphone measurements were used to quantify sound delivery to the ear canal.

    Main Results:

    • Removing the earphone cushion caused significant sound signal reduction below 1 kHz.

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  • The click-elicited ABR showed minimal changes when the earphone cushion was removed.

    • Conclusions:

    • Earphone cushions may not be essential for click-evoked ABR testing.
    • The findings suggest that uncushioned earphones could be a viable option for ABR in infants, potentially simplifying the procedure.