Impact of diabetes mellitus on the ocular surface: a review

Although diabetes mellitus is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide, ocular surface complications are still largely believed to be uncommon. Although these complications are not often sight threatening, the general well-being of patients and the cost of their health care can be respectively compromised and added by them. Over the last decade, an association of ocular surface complications (in particular reduced corneal sub-basal nerve density and corneal sensitivity) with peripheral neuropathy has emerged, which could help recognize the development of peripheral complications at an earlier stage and also provide research opportunities for examining new treatment modalities of diabetic neuropathies. The ocular surface complications of diabetes mellitus and their association with peripheral neuropathy are reviewed by this report.