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A multifactorial model of masticatory performance: the Suita study
1Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|December 15, 2015
Summary
Maximum bite force significantly impacts chewing performance across all levels of occlusal support areas (OSA). Functional teeth and periodontal health are also key factors, especially with good OSA.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Dental Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Masticatory performance is crucial for nutrition and quality of life in older adults.
- Factors influencing masticatory performance require further investigation across diverse populations.
- Occlusal support areas (OSA) vary significantly, potentially impacting chewing efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors affecting masticatory performance in relation to different occlusal support areas (OSA) within the Japanese urban population.
- To identify common and distinct factors influencing masticatory performance across perfect, decreased, and lost OSA categories.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 1875 Japanese subjects (mean age 66.7 years) from the Suita study.
- Assessed periodontal status (Community Periodontal Index), number of functional teeth, and OSA (Eichner Index).
- Measured masticatory performance using test gummy jelly, including denture wearers with prostheses in place.
Main Results:
- Maximum bite force significantly influenced masticatory performance across all OSA categories.
- In perfect and decreased OSA, functional teeth and periodontal status also significantly impacted performance.
- Sex was a significant factor only in the perfect OSA group.
Conclusions:
- Maximum bite force is a universal predictor of masticatory performance regardless of OSA.
- Maintaining functional teeth and good periodontal health are vital for optimal chewing, particularly with adequate OSA.
- Findings can inform targeted dietary guidance for elderly individuals experiencing tooth loss or periodontal disease.
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