Significant association between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Oncology
• Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

• The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene plays a crucial role in folate metabolism.
• The A1298C polymorphism in the MTHFR gene has been investigated for its association with various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
• Previous studies on the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and HCC risk have yielded conflicting results, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis investigating the association between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
• To clarify the conflicting findings from previous studies regarding the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and HCC susceptibility.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed and Embase databases for relevant studies published before October 2014.
• Meta-analysis was employed to pool data from identified studies.
• Publication bias was assessed using the Begg test, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings.

Main Results:

• The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and HCC risk across various genetic models (e.g., CC vs AA: OR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.33-0.81).
• Subgroup analysis indicated significant associations in Asian populations (e.g., dominant model: OR = 2.27, 95%CI = 1.33-3.86).
• The results suggest a potential protective effect or altered risk depending on the genotype and population.

Conclusions:

• The MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk.
• Significant associations were particularly observed in the Asian subgroup, suggesting a potential role in this population.
• Larger, well-designed studies are recommended to validate these findings and elucidate the precise relationship between MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and HCC.