Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plant Cell Wall02:43

Plant Cell Wall

61.7K
The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
61.7K
Plant Cell Wall01:07

Plant Cell Wall

8.8K
Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
8.8K
Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

3.4K
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
3.4K
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

5.3K
 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
5.3K
Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

3.6K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
3.6K
The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

6.6K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
6.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An essential role for abscisic acid in the regulation of xylem fibre differentiation.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2018
Same author

A Comprehensive Analysis of RALF Proteins in Green Plants Suggests There Are Two Distinct Functional Groups.

Frontiers in plant science·2017
Same author

Using CellProfiler to Analyze and Quantify Vascular Morphology.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2017
Same author

Regulation of vascular cell division.

Journal of experimental botany·2016
Same author

Wood Formation in Trees Is Increased by Manipulating PXY-Regulated Cell Division.

Current biology : CB·2015
Same author

Large air-fluid level in the perinephric space without obstruction.

BMJ case reports·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation
11:26

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation

Published on: June 17, 2014

17.2K

Secondary cell walls: biosynthesis and manipulation.

Manoj Kumar1, Liam Campbell1, Simon Turner2

  • 1University of Manchester, The Micheal Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Secondary cell walls (SCWs), crucial for plant structure and biofuels, have seen advances in understanding component synthesis. Further research is needed on how these components form polymers and integrate into the wall.

Keywords:
BiofuelsSCWcelluloseligninlignin engineeringregulationxylanxylan engineering.

More Related Videos

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
09:27

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications

Published on: May 10, 2016

8.7K
Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
07:52

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem

Published on: May 23, 2020

5.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation
11:26

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation

Published on: June 17, 2014

17.2K
High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
09:27

High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications

Published on: May 10, 2016

8.7K
Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem
07:52

Live Cell Imaging of Microtubule Cytoskeleton and Micromechanical Manipulation of the Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem

Published on: May 23, 2020

5.9K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Secondary cell walls (SCWs) are vital for plant mechanical support and water transport.
  • SCWs constitute the main component of plant biomass, making them key for second-generation biofuels.
  • Understanding SCW biosynthesis is crucial for improving biomass properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding SCW component biosynthesis.
  • To explore the regulation of these biosynthetic pathways.
  • To discuss exploiting this knowledge for improved cell wall properties relevant to biofuel production and plant productivity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on SCW polymer biosynthesis.
  • Analysis of regulatory mechanisms governing SCW formation.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the synthesis of individual SCW components (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin).
  • Knowledge of the regulation of SCW biosynthetic pathways has advanced.
  • Potential strategies for improving cell wall properties for biofuel applications have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • While individual SCW component pathways are increasingly understood, their coordinated function in polymer synthesis requires further investigation.
  • The integration of SCW polymers into the cell wall remains a complex area needing more research.
  • Future efforts should focus on understanding the holistic process of SCW formation to optimize biomass for industrial applications without hindering plant growth.