Luteolin Supplementation Prevents Selenite-Induced Cataractogenesis in Sprague Dawley Rat Pups

Luteolin, a flavonoid present in leaves and stems of many plants finds mention in literature for beneficial effects on eyes. Presently, no reports are available on the in vivo anticataractogenic effect of luteolin. The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of luteolin on selenite-induced cataract models in vivo. The study consisted of three groups of Sprague Dawley rat pups 8-10 d old (Group I (Normal), Group II (Cataract induced), and Group III (Treatment)). Cataract was induced in Group II and Group III by a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (4 μg/g body weight) on the 10th day. Luteolin was administered orally from 8th day up to 12th day at a concentration of 1 μg/g body weight in Group III. After 30 d, lenses of treated animals showed normal morphology. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased and levels of reactive oxygen species were decreased in the luteolin-treated group when compared to the cataract-induced group. Increased Ca(2+) ATPase activity and lowered calcium level, caspase 3 activity and down-regulation of caspase 3 expression were seen in the treatment group when compared to the selenite group. Luteolin enhances the antioxidant potential and thereby lowers the oxidative damages to the lens. It also stabilizes the membrane integrity of the lens and maintains the ionic balance.