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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

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The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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The human microbiome, asthma, and allergy.

Amund Riiser1

  • 1Faculty of Teacher Education and Sports, Sogn og Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway.

Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology : Official Journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The human microbiome, microorganisms living on and in us, plays a crucial role in health. Research links gut and lung microbiome changes to asthma and allergy development.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • The human microbiome comprises microorganisms crucial for health.
  • Modern techniques reveal microbiome's role in human health.
  • The gut and lung microbiomes are implicated in asthma and allergy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the human microbiome's role in health.
  • To investigate the link between the microbiome and asthma/allergy pathogenesis.
  • To understand how environmental exposures influence the microbiome and allergic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advanced microbiological detection techniques.
  • Analyzing differences in lung microbiomes between healthy and asthmatic individuals.
  • Examining evidence from the Human Microbiome Project.
Keywords:
AllergyAsthmaMicrobiome

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Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma
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Main Results:

  • The gut microbiome regulates immune tolerance via T helper cell subsets (Th1/Th2).
  • Distinct lung microbiome profiles exist in healthy versus asthmatic subjects.
  • Hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses correlate reduced microbial exposure with increased asthma/allergy incidence.

Conclusions:

  • The human microbiome is integral to immune system development and regulation.
  • Alterations in the gut and lung microbiomes are associated with asthma and allergy.
  • Further research into the human microbiome may yield novel prevention and treatment strategies for allergic diseases.