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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Leprdb Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Live-cell 2-Photon Imaging Of Intact Islets
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[Secondary diabetes].

Takashi Nomiyama, Toshihiko Yanase

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 16, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Secondary diabetes arises from other conditions like endocrine diseases or medications. Careful medical evaluation is crucial for diagnosing and managing this diverse category of diabetes.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Diseases
    • Genetics

    Context:

    • Secondary diabetes is a broad category resulting from other conditions.
    • Pancreatic diseases (pancreatitis, cancer) cause pancreatic diabetes, leading to insulin deficiency.
    • Endocrine disorders like Cushing's syndrome and acromegaly can cause secondary diabetes through insulin resistance and deficiency.

    Purpose:

    • To define and categorize secondary diabetes.
    • To highlight common causes including pancreatic diseases, endocrine disorders, and medications.
    • To emphasize the importance of thorough medical examination for secondary diabetes.

    Summary:

    • Secondary diabetes encompasses diabetes caused by medications, endocrine diseases, or hereditary factors.
    • Pancreatic diabetes, resulting from pancreatic conditions, is a common form.

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  • Steroid use, endocrine disorders (Cushing's, acromegaly), and hereditary conditions (MODY, mitochondrial diabetes) are key causes.

    • Impact:

    • Underscores the diverse etiology of diabetes beyond type 1 and type 2.
    • Stresses the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding medication and endocrine-related hyperglycemia.