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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Pregnancy outcomes in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a retrospective multi-institutional study in Japan.

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Pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus according to pre-gestational BMI in a retrospective multi-institutional study in Japan.

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[Management of women with preexisting diabetes mellitus].

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Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.

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A mitochondrial DNA variant associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in diabetes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

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[Gestational diabetes mellitus].

Sonoko Anazawa

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 16, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence rose after revised criteria. Mild GDM cases, identified by one abnormal glucose test, show few poor perinatal outcomes with diet management and no increased risk for type 2 diabetes later.

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    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Endocrinology
    • Public Health

    Context:

    • Revised diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have led to a significant increase in prevalence, from 2-3% to 8-10%.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of managing mild GDM cases, defined by a single abnormal value in the 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
    • To assess perinatal outcomes and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in mothers with mild GDM managed with diet.

    Summary:

    • Despite increased GDM prevalence, mild cases (one abnormal OGTT value) managed with diet show minimal adverse perinatal outcomes.
    • Retrospective analysis indicates no significant difference in the later development of type 2 diabetes between mothers with mild GDM and non-GDM controls.

    Impact:

    • Findings question the necessity and cost-effectiveness of intensive management for all mild GDM cases.
    • Suggests a potential need to refine GDM diagnostic and management guidelines to focus resources on higher-risk pregnancies.