Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

936
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
936
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

1.0K
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
1.0K
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

1.3K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.3K
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

28.2K
Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
28.2K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

929
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
929
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

852
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
852

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Attention as a potentially responsive cognitive outcome in a community-based multidomain dementia prevention program (the community-adapted J-MINT Brain Health Program in Kikuyo Town, Japan).

Archives of gerontology and geriatrics·2026
Same author

A Rare Case of Conus Medullaris Mature Teratoma Initially Considered a Different Spinal Cord Tumor Due to Intramedullary Hemorrhage.

Spine surgery and related research·2026
Same author

Development of a robust method to derive human trophoblast stem cells from late-gestation placentas and its application to preeclampsia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Gut-Derived GLP-1 Released by Rare Sugar d-Allulose Cooperates With Insulin to Activate Left-Sided Vagal Afferents and Enhance Insulin Sensitivity.

Diabetes·2026
Same author

Impact of Endothelium-Derived Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species on Obesity-Associated Atherosclerosis.

Antioxidants & redox signaling·2026
Same author

Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) modulates glucagon secretion via JNK inhibition in pancreatic α-cells.

Diabetology international·2026
Same journal

[Development of novel therapeutics for multiple myeloma and improvement of drug lag].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
Same journal

[Clinical pharmacy services to patients of immunomodulatory drugs].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
Same journal

[Therapeutic drug monitoring of the new anti-myeloma drugs in the treatment of multiple myeloma].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
Same journal

[Prognostic value of minimal residual disease assessment using next-generation sequencing in multiple myeloma].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
Same journal

[The evaluation of minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma by an allele-specific oligonucleotide real-time PCR].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
Same journal

[Evaluation of minimal residual disease in myeloma by multiparametric flow cytometry].

Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine·2019
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases
14:57

Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases

Published on: October 10, 2020

15.3K

[SGLT2 inhibitor].

Naoto Kubota, Takashi Kadowaki

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 16, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors promote urinary glucose excretion, offering a novel approach to managing type 2 diabetes. This review explores their impact on glucose and lipid metabolism.

    More Related Videos

    A Fluorescent Screening Assay for Identifying Modulators of GIRK Channels
    05:31

    A Fluorescent Screening Assay for Identifying Modulators of GIRK Channels

    Published on: April 24, 2012

    15.0K
    Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices
    06:34

    Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices

    Published on: November 29, 2024

    677

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 28, 2026

    Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases
    14:57

    Spectrophotometric Screening for Potential Inhibitors of Cytosolic Glutathione S-Transferases

    Published on: October 10, 2020

    15.3K
    A Fluorescent Screening Assay for Identifying Modulators of GIRK Channels
    05:31

    A Fluorescent Screening Assay for Identifying Modulators of GIRK Channels

    Published on: April 24, 2012

    15.0K
    Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices
    06:34

    Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices

    Published on: November 29, 2024

    677

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Endocrinology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) facilitates renal glucose reabsorption, crucial for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis.
    • Dysregulation of SGLT2 is implicated in conditions like familial renal glucosuria.
    • SGLT2 inhibitors represent a novel class of oral anti-diabetic agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors.
    • To discuss the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes.
    • To highlight the distinct pharmacological profile of SGLT2 inhibitors compared to conventional anti-diabetic drugs.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on SGLT2 inhibitors.
    • Analysis of data on glucose and lipid metabolism.
    • Comparative assessment of SGLT2 inhibitors with other anti-diabetic agents.

    Main Results:

    • SGLT2 inhibitors promote urinary glucose excretion (UGE), independent of insulin.
    • UGE leads to a reduction in calorie intake and body weight.
    • SGLT2 inhibition favorably modulates glucose and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • SGLT2 inhibitors offer a unique therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes by enhancing UGE.
    • These agents demonstrate potential for improving glycemic control and reducing obesity.
    • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the long-term metabolic benefits and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors.