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Trends in allergy prevalence among children aged 0-17 years by asthma status, United States, 2001-2013
Lara J Akinbami1,2, Alan E Simon1, Kenneth C Schoendorf3
1a National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Hyattsville , MD , USA .
Insights
While overall allergy prevalence in children with asthma remained stable, the types and number of allergies increased, indicating a higher risk for adverse asthma outcomes. This trend highlights the need for better management of pediatric asthma and allergies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Asthma Research
- Public Health Trends
Background:
- Children with asthma, especially those with food or multiple allergies, face elevated risks of adverse asthma outcomes.
- Understanding allergy prevalence trends in relation to asthma status is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze allergy prevalence trends among US children, differentiating by asthma status.
- To describe changes in the types and number of allergies reported by children with asthma.
Main Methods:
- Utilized National Health Interview Survey data from 2001-2013 for children aged 0-17 years.
- Estimated trends in respiratory, food, and skin allergies, and the prevalence of one, two, or three allergy types by asthma status.
- Assessed demographic associations with allergy prevalence among children with asthma.
Main Results:
- Overall allergy prevalence increased annually in children without asthma, but remained stable in those with asthma.
- Among children with asthma, food and skin allergy prevalence increased, as did the percentage reporting all three allergy types.
- Prevalence of one allergy type decreased, while the percentage with all three types increased annually. Non-poor and non-Hispanic white children with asthma were more likely to have multiple allergies.
Conclusions:
- Despite stable overall allergy prevalence, shifting patterns in allergy types and numbers among children with asthma suggest an increased risk of adverse outcomes.
- The rise in food allergy and multi-allergy cases among asthmatic children warrants attention for improved asthma management strategies.
Objectives:
Children with asthma and allergies--particularly food and/or multiple allergies-are at risk for adverse asthma outcomes. This analysis describes allergy prevalence trends among US children by asthma status.
Methods:
We analyzed 2001-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for children aged 0-17 years. We estimated trends for reported respiratory, food, and skin allergy and the percentage of children with one, two, or all three allergy types by asthma status. We estimated unadjusted trends, and among children with asthma, adjusted associations between demographic characteristics and allergy.
Results:
Prevalence of any allergy increased by 0.3 percentage points annually among children without asthma but not among children with asthma. However, underlying patterns changed among children with asthma: food and skin allergy prevalence increased as did the percentage with all three allergy types. Among children with asthma, risk was higher among younger and non-Hispanic black children for reported skin allergy, among non-Hispanic white children for reported respiratory allergy, and among non-poor children for food and respiratory allergies. Prevalence of having one allergy type decreased by 0.50 percentage points annually, while the percent with all three types increased 0.2 percentage points annually. Non-poor and non-Hispanic white children with asthma were more likely to have multiple allergy types.
Conclusions:
While overall allergy prevalence among children with asthma remained stable, patterns in reported allergy type and number suggested a greater proportion may be at risk of adverse asthma outcomes associated with allergy: food allergy increased as did the percentage with all three allergy types.
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