Cortico-Basal Ganglia Circuit Function in Psychiatric Disease
Lisa A Gunaydin1,2, Anatol C Kreitzer1,3
1The Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158; email: lisa.gunaydin@ucsf.edu , akreitzer@gladstone.ucsf.edu.
Annual Review of Physiology
|December 16, 2015
Summary
This study explores how abnormal brain circuit activity, particularly in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia, contributes to psychiatric disorders like OCD, anxiety, and depression.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Psychiatric disorders are increasingly understood through circuit dysfunction models.
- Abnormal electrical activity in brain circuits, especially the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia, is linked to various mental health conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the role of basal ganglia and prefrontal circuits in the development and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, and depression.
- To dissect causal cortico-basal ganglia circuits underlying specific behavioral symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Review of mechanistic work in rodent behavioral models.
- Analysis of electrophysiological data and circuit connectivity.
Main Results:
- Identified specific cortico-basal ganglia circuits implicated in discrete behavioral domains relevant to psychiatric disorders.
- Highlighted the etiological and therapeutic relevance of these circuits.
Conclusions:
- Understanding basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex circuit dysfunction is crucial for developing targeted treatments for OCD, anxiety, and depression.
- Rodent models provide valuable insights into the causal mechanisms of these complex disorders.
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