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Childhood Basal Ganglia Stroke and its Association with Trivial Head Trauma
Prashant Jauhari1, Naveen Sankhyan1, Niranjan Khandelwal2
1Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Insights
Childhood basal ganglia stroke, often linked to minor head trauma, shows a better recovery outlook. This finding highlights the importance of considering even slight head injuries in pediatric stroke cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Neurovascular Disorders
Background:
- Childhood stroke, specifically basal ganglia stroke, presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management.
- Identifying risk factors and prognostic indicators is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, neuroimaging findings, and outcomes of childhood basal ganglia stroke.
- To compare outcomes between children with and without a history of trivial head trauma.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective and prospective enrollment of children (6 months-12 years) diagnosed with basal ganglia stroke between 2007 and the end of the study period.
- Comparison of clinical data and recovery trajectories between children with and without recent trivial head trauma.
Main Results:
- Trivial head trauma was present in 74% of the 35 enrolled children.
- The trivial head trauma group demonstrated a significantly shorter median duration to complete recovery (12 weeks vs. 38 weeks, P = .001).
- Children with trivial head trauma had a higher rate of complete recovery (85% vs. 44.5%, P = .029).
Conclusions:
- Childhood basal ganglia stroke can be associated with trivial head trauma.
- A history of trivial head trauma in pediatric basal ganglia stroke appears to correlate with a more favorable prognosis and faster recovery.
Abstract:
This study explored the clinical profile, risk factors, neuroimaging and outcome of childhood basal ganglia stroke. Children (6 months-12 years) with basal ganglia stroke registered between 2007-2011 were retrospectively enrolled, while newly diagnosed cases over the 2-year study period were enrolled prospectively. Children with recent trivial head trauma were compared with those without it. Of the 35 children enrolled, trivial head trauma was seen in 74%. The non-trivial head trauma group (n = 9) comprised unidentified etiology (4), Moyamoya syndrome (2), varicella infection (1), homocysteinemia (1), and probable mitochondrial cytopathy (1). Median duration to complete recovery was significantly less in the trivial head trauma group (median = 12, range = 1-72 weeks vs median = 38, range = 20-48 weeks,P= .001). Moreover, these children had increased chances of complete recovery (85% [22/26] vs 44.5% [4/9],P= .029). Basal ganglia stroke can follow trivial head trauma and may have a more favorable outcome.
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