Bisphosphonate-adsorbed ceramic nanoparticles increase bone formation in an injectable carrier for bone tissue...

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) is a sugar-based carrier for minimally invasive delivery systems.
• Previous studies demonstrated synergy with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), zoledronic acid (ZA), and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate alternative bioceramics for SAIB/rhBMP-2 injectable systems.
• To evaluate the efficacy of beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and Bioglass (BG) 45S5.
• To determine the optimal additive for enhanced bone regeneration.

Main Methods:

• Investigated bioceramics (TCP, BG) in a murine SAIB/rhBMP-2 injection model.
• Performed (14)C-labelled ZA binding assays to assess particle size and ceramic composition effects.
• Evaluated bone volume (BV) changes in rat models using SAIB/rhBMP-2 with various HA formulations.

Main Results:

• Neither TCP nor BG significantly affected bone volume (BV) alone or with ZA.
• ZA binding affinity followed the order: nano-HA > micro-HA > TCP > BG.
• ZA-adsorbed nano-HA and micro-HA significantly increased BV in rhBMP-2/SAIB injections, with nano-HA showing the greatest increase (+889%).

Conclusions:

• Zoledronic acid-adsorbed nanoparticle-sized hydroxyapatite is an optimal additive for SAIB/rhBMP-2 injectable systems.
• This combination shows significant potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
• Particle size and ceramic composition critically influence ZA binding and bone regeneration efficacy.