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Nervous System

Nervous System

The nervous system coordinates body functions through its complex network of nerve cells, enabling sensation and movement. It is divided into two primary parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and coordinating responses. The spinal cord functions as a major signaling pathway for the brain and the rest of the body.

What is a Nervous System?

What is a Nervous System?

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Compartmentalization of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons within Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips

Compartmentalization of Human Stem Cell-Derived Neurons within Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips

Published on: May 3, 2019

3D printed nervous system on a chip.

Blake N Johnson¹, Karen Z Lancaster², Ian B Hogue²

¹Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

|December 17, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a 3D printed nervous system on a chip (3DNSC) for studying viral infections. The model shows Schwann cells aid viral spread but resist infection, offering insights into neurological disorders.

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Published on: May 31, 2017

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Infectious Disease Research

Background:

Organ-level in vitro platforms are crucial for neurological research and drug discovery.
Studying nervous system disorders is challenging due to complexity and treatment difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a bioinspired, customizable 3D printed nervous system on a chip (3DNSC) for studying viral infections.
To investigate viral spread mechanisms within the nervous system using an advanced in vitro model.

Main Methods:

Utilized micro-extrusion 3D printing to create biomimetic scaffolds with microchannels and chambers.
Assembled aligned axonal networks and spatially organized cellular components.
Conducted physiologically relevant studies of nervous system infection on the 3DNSC platform.

Main Results:

Demonstrated the functionality of the multiscale biomimetic 3DNSC for studying nervous system infection.
Observed Schwann cells facilitating axon-to-cell viral transmission.
Found Schwann cells to be refractory to infection with a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1.4.

Conclusions:

3D printing is a valuable method for prototyping customized nervous system on a chip models.
The 3DNSC platform provides a functional in vitro model for investigating neurological viral infections.
Schwann cell behavior during viral spread offers new insights into nervous system pathogenesis.