Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 28, 2026

An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection
Published on: October 6, 2015
[Comorbidities as risk factors of chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected persons]
Zofia Marchewka1, Aleksandra Szymczak2, Brygida Knysz2
1Pracownia Markerów Nefrotoksyczności Środowiskowej, Katedra i Zakład Toksykologii Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. Piastów Śląskich we Wrocławiu.
Abstract:
Significant survival prolongation in HIV-infected patients due to effective antiretroviral therapy is connected with increasing prevalence of chronic non-infective diseases in this population, among them chronic kidney disease. The pathogenesis of kidney disease in the setting of HIV includes conditions specific for HIV infection: direct effect of the virus, stage of immunodeficiency and drug toxicity. Chronic comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, are additional significant risk factors of kidney disease. In HIV-infected individuals some distinct features of these conditions are observed, which are partly related to the virus and antiretroviral therapy. The article summarizes the effect of comorbidities on kidney function in HIV-infected persons.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

