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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

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Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
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VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
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Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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Open-Framework Structures of Anhydrous Sr(CF3COO)2 and Ba(CF3COO)2.

K Tauni Dissanayake1, Laura M Mendoza1, Philip D Martin1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.

Inorganic Chemistry
|December 18, 2015
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Summary

Researchers successfully synthesized anhydrous strontium and barium trifluoroacetate open-frameworks using a novel crystallization method. These materials feature 3D metal-oxygen polyhedra and 1D channels suitable for small molecule adsorption.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Metal trifluoroacetates are typically crystallized as hydrated salts.
  • Open-framework materials offer porous structures for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for synthesizing anhydrous alkaline-earth trifluoroacetates.
  • To characterize the crystal structures and properties of these anhydrous compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Crystallization via solvent evaporation under a dry nitrogen flow.
  • Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis.
  • Single-crystal and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction.

Main Results:

  • Anhydrous Sr(CF3COO)2 and Ba(CF3COO)2 were successfully synthesized.
  • Both compounds are isostructural, crystallizing in the rhombohedral R3̅ space group.
  • Open-framework structures with 1D channels (diameters ~2.25-3.75 Å) were observed, suitable for small molecules like hydrogen.

Conclusions:

  • A novel method yields anhydrous alkaline-earth trifluoroacetates.
  • The resulting open-frameworks possess tunable channel sizes and ligand arrangements.
  • These materials show potential for applications involving small molecule interactions.