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[Guillain-Barre syndrome in children. Analysis of 23 cases]
M Rufo Campos1, A Moruno Tirado, M Nieto Barrera
1Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla.
Insights
Guillain Barré syndrome in children often presents with muscle weakness and cranial nerve issues, particularly in autumn and winter. Early hormone treatment or plasma exchange led to favorable outcomes in most pediatric cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Neuroimmunology
Context:
- Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system.
- Pediatric GBS presents unique diagnostic and management challenges.
Purpose:
- To analyze the clinical characteristics, seasonal incidence, prognostic indicators, and treatment outcomes of Guillain Barré syndrome in a pediatric cohort.
- To evaluate the efficacy of hormone therapy and plasma exchange in managing pediatric GBS.
Summary:
- The study analyzed 23 children (5 months to 6 years) diagnosed with Guillain Barré syndrome, noting a bimodal seasonal incidence in autumn-winter.
- Key clinical features included muscle weakness, pain, and cranial nerve impairments. Denervation activity on electrophysiology indicated a poorer prognosis.
- Hormone treatment (21 cases) and plasma exchange (1 case) resulted in rapid symptom reduction and highly favorable progress in all treated patients, with one case of recurrent GBS.
Impact:
- This study highlights the effectiveness of current treatment modalities for pediatric Guillain Barré syndrome.
- Findings emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention for improved patient outcomes.
- The research contributes to understanding the clinical spectrum and seasonal patterns of GBS in children.
Abstract:
A group of 23 children aged 5 months to 6 years a diagnosis of Guillain Barré syndrome has been analysed. In 2/3 of our patients the illness appeared in autumn-winter period. We considered muscle weaknesses, pain and impairments of cranial nerves to be the main characteristics of the disease. The presence of denervation activity was an indication of worse evolutive prognosis. Hormone treatment was started in 21 cases and plasma exchange in one more, with rapid reduction of the vegetative and the motor symptoms. The progress was considered to be highly favourable in all of them. One child had a recidivant form of this disease.
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