Comparative Study between Monopolar Electrodes and Bipolar Electrodes in Hysteroscopic Surgery

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Hysteroscopic surgery is a safe and effective gynecological procedure.
• Bipolar energy and small hysteroscopes enhance surgical safety and potentially improve fertility outcomes.
• This study compares bipolar and unipolar electrodes in hysteroscopic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the clinical outcomes of hysteroscopic surgery using bipolar versus unipolar electrodes.
• To compare operative complications, operative time, and hospital stay between the two electrode types.

Main Methods:

• A prospective, non-randomized clinical study involving 150 patients.
• Patients were divided into two groups: hysteroscopic surgery with bipolar electrodes and hysteroscopic surgery with unipolar electrodes.
• Key outcomes recorded included bleeding, perforation, fluid overload, hyponatraemia, operative time, and hospital stay.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in patient characteristics, ultrasonographic findings, or intraoperative bleeding were observed.
• Fluid overload and postoperative hyponatraemia were significantly higher in the unipolar group (p=0.03 and p<0.05, respectively).
• Bipolar hysteroscopy demonstrated significantly shorter operative times (p=0.01) and hospital stays (p=0.04) compared to unipolar.

Conclusions:

• Hysteroscopic surgery with bipolar electrodes is associated with a significant reduction in hyponatraemia, operative time, and hospital stay.
• Bipolar hysteroscopy is a safe and effective alternative to unipolar hysteroscopy.
• The findings support the use of bipolar electrodes for improved patient outcomes in hysteroscopic procedures.