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Childhood neutropenia, characterized by infections, has diverse causes and unclear mechanisms. This review details primary chronic neutropenias and proposes a diagnostic strategy for pediatric cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Hematology
- Immunology
- Clinical Medicine
Context:
- Childhood neutropenia presents uniformly with infections, but underlying causes are varied.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms of neutropenia are not fully understood.
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of pediatric neutropenia.
Purpose:
- To review the diverse etiologies of neutropenia in children.
- To describe the clinical features and management of primary chronic neutropenias.
- To propose a practical diagnostic strategy for investigating pediatric neutropenia.
Summary:
- Neutropenia in children typically manifests as recurrent infections, despite a wide range of potential etiologies.
- This review classifies neutropenia causes and elaborates on primary chronic forms, including their clinical presentation and treatment.
- A diagnostic approach is suggested to aid clinicians in evaluating children with neutropenia.
Impact:
- Provides a structured classification of neutropenia etiologies for clinical utility.
- Offers detailed insights into primary chronic neutropenias, aiding in diagnosis and management.
- Facilitates a practical diagnostic pathway for pediatric neutropenia, improving patient care.
Abstract:
Whereas the clinical expression of childhood neutropenias is fairly uniform, consisting mainly in infections, a wide variety of etiologies may be involved. Pathophysiologic mechanisms have not all been completely elucidated. We review the different etiologies of neutropenia in children using the classification that we believe is the most helpful to clinicians. The clinical features and management of primary chronic neutropenias are described in detail. On the basis of our experience we suggest a practical diagnostic strategy for investigating children with neutropenia.