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Reconfigurable Solid-state Dye-doped Polymer Ring Resonator Lasers.

Hengky Chandrahalim¹, Xudong Fan¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 1101 Beal Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Scientific Reports

|December 18, 2015

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This study demonstrates novel on-chip solid-state ring lasers using standard lithography and dye-doped polymers. These reconfigurable lasers offer low thresholds and consistent performance, suitable for photonic and biochemical sensing applications.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Materials Science
Development of novel on-chip coherent light sources
Application of polymer-based gain media in integrated photonics

Background:

Standard lithography processes are crucial for fabricating integrated photonic devices.
Solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers offer tunable and reconfigurable gain media.
On-chip lasers are essential for miniaturized photonic and sensing systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To present wavelength-configurable, on-chip solid-state ring lasers fabricated using a single-mask standard lithography.
To investigate the lasing performance and reconfigurability of dye-doped polymer gain media in ring resonators.
To establish a new benchmark for low lasing thresholds in chip-based solid-state dye lasers.

Main Methods:

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Fabrication of single- and coupled-ring resonator hosts on fused-silica wafers using standard lithography.

Infiltration of resonators with three distinct dye-doped polymers: 3,3'-Diethyloxacarbocyanine iodide (CY3), Rhodamine 6G (R6G), and 3,3'-Diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide (CY5).

Characterization of lasing thresholds, single-mode operation via Vernier effect, and dye-doped polymer renewability through multiple cycles.

Main Results:

Achieved a low lasing threshold of ~220 nJ/mm² per pulse for single-ring resonators with R6G-doped polymer.
Demonstrated single-mode lasing in coupled-ring resonators using the Vernier effect with a threshold of ~360 nJ/mm² per pulse.
Confirmed consistent laser emissions after multiple cycles of dye-doped polymer removal and redeposition, indicating device renewability.

Conclusions:

The developed on-chip solid-state ring lasers are wavelength-configurable and exhibit low lasing thresholds.
The renewability of the dye-doped polymer gain media supports sustainable and cost-effective device operation.
This technology is highly feasible for diverse photonic and biochemical sensing applications requiring reconfigurable, low-threshold coherent light sources on a chip.