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Maternity Leave Access and Health: A Systematic Narrative Review and Conceptual Framework Development
Ellie Andres1, Sarah Baird2, Jeffrey Bart Bingenheimer3
1George Washington University, 3/F, 5G Bowen Road, Mid-Levels, Hong Kong. eandres@gwu.edu.
Maternal and Child Health Journal
|December 18, 2015
Summary
Maternity leave is crucial for postpartum health, improving breastfeeding and maternal mental well-being. However, disparities in access limit these benefits for many mothers and infants.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Maternal and Child Health
- Health Policy Research
Background:
- Maternity leave is vital for postpartum recovery and infant bonding.
- Existing research lacks a comprehensive assessment of maternity leave's impact on health outcomes.
- This review addresses the need for evidence to guide public health policy and research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate correlates of maternity leave utilization in the U.S.
- To examine the health benefits of maternity leave for mothers and children.
- To synthesize current knowledge on maternity leave access and health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of 37 studies from 1990 to early 2015.
- Searched six academic databases for relevant peer-reviewed research.
- Assessed study quality using the "Weight of the Evidence" approach.
Main Results:
- Positive correlation found between maternity leave coverage and utilization.
- Longer maternity leave associated with improved breastfeeding rates and maternal mental health.
- Significant disparities in maternity leave access identified, impacting health outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Maternity leave positively influences maternal and child health outcomes.
- Addressing disparities in maternity leave access is critical for equitable health benefits.
- A conceptual framework is presented to guide future research and policy.
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