Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications
10:33

Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications

Published on: August 12, 2012

Surface quality of gypsums when poured against alginates

W R Teteruck, L N Johnson, A R Mills

    Journal (Canadian Dental Association)
    |July 1, 1989
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering12:22

    Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering

    Published on: October 26, 2016

    Mammalian Cell Encapsulation in Alginate Beads Using a Simple Stirred Vessel10:20

    Mammalian Cell Encapsulation in Alginate Beads Using a Simple Stirred Vessel

    Published on: June 29, 2017

    Related Concept Videos

    Hydration of Cement01:24

    Hydration of Cement

    Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
    Fineness of Cement01:15

    Fineness of Cement

    The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
    Direct...
    Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

    Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

    Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
    When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the aggregate...
    Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change01:26

    Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change

    Unsoundness in aggregates due to volume changes is primarily caused by the physical alterations aggregates undergo, such as freezing and thawing, thermal changes, and wetting and drying. Unsound aggregates, when subjected to these changes, result in volume change upon disintegration. This, in turn, contributes to the deterioration of concrete, including scaling, pop-outs, and cracking. Particular types of aggregates, such as porous flints, cherts, and those containing clay minerals, are...
    Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

    Porosity in Cement Paste

    The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
    The balance of water to cement in the mix is critical—it...
    Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

    Sulfate Attack on Concrete

    Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
    Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...