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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Vitiligo.

Reham William Doss1, Abdel-Aziz El-Rifaie1, Yasser M Gohary1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|December 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D deficiency is common in vitiligo patients, with lower serum levels and reduced Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene expression. This suggests a role for Vitamin D in vitiligo pathogenesis.

Keywords:
25-hydroxy Vitamin DVitamin D receptorVitiligoenzyme-linked immunosorbent assayreal-time polymerase chain reaction

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Vitiligo is a depigmenting disorder of unknown cause.
  • Melanocytes are crucial for skin pigmentation.
  • Vitamin D influences melanocyte function via the Vitamin D receptor (VDR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Vitamin D in vitiligo pathogenesis.
  • To compare Vitamin D levels and VDR gene expression in vitiligo patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 30 vitiligo patients and 30 controls.
  • Serum 25(OH)D levels measured by ELISA.
  • VDR gene expression analyzed in skin biopsies using real-time PCR.

Main Results:

  • Vitiligo patients showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels compared to controls.
  • A high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed in vitiligo patients.
  • Reduced VDR-mRNA expression was found in both lesional and non-lesional skin of vitiligo patients.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is linked to vitiligo.
  • Vitamin D may contribute to vitiligo pathogenesis through immunomodulation and effects on melanogenesis.
  • VDR gene expression is decreased in vitiligo skin.