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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Buckling failures in insect exoskeletons.

Eoin Parle1, Simona Herbaj, Fiona Sheils

  • 1Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.

Bioinspiration & Biomimetics
|December 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insect exoskeletons, like locust and cockroach tibiae, buckle under bending loads. Finite element analysis (FEA) accurately predicts buckling for simple shapes, offering insights for engineering thin-walled structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Materials Science
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Thin-walled tubes are crucial for load-bearing structures due to their strength-to-weight ratio.
  • Buckling is a common failure mode in thin-walled tubes under bending, with prediction challenges for complex cross-sections.
  • Insect exoskeletons provide natural models for studying buckling phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate buckling in insect leg segments (tibiae) as a model for thin-walled structures.
  • To compare buckling behavior across five insect species with varying leg geometries.
  • To assess the predictive accuracy of finite element analysis (FEA) and analytical models for insect leg buckling.

Main Methods:

  • Tibiae from five insect species (locust, cockroaches, stick insect, bumblebee) were tested to failure in cantilever bending.
  • Finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to model the mechanical behavior and predict buckling loads.
  • Analytical solutions for elastic buckling were compared with experimental and FEA results.

Main Results:

  • Locust and cockroach tibiae, with approximately circular cross-sections, showed buckling loads well-predicted by linear elastic FEA and analytical models.
  • Stick insect tibiae, despite longitudinal ridges, failed by plastic buckling due to material yielding before reaching elastic buckling loads.
  • Bee tibiae, featuring a non-circular cross-section (corbicula), exhibited buckling resistance not significantly impacted by this geometric feature.

Conclusions:

  • Buckling is identified as the dominant failure mode in insect tibiae, relevant for arthropods and organisms with stiff exoskeletons.
  • Material properties and cross-sectional geometry interact significantly, influencing buckling behavior.
  • Findings offer insights for the biomimetic design of engineering structures utilizing thin-walled tubes.