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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

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Implementing Tobacco Control Programs in Homeless Shelters: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Maya Vijayaraghavan1, Samantha Hurst2, John P Pierce2

  • 1University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA University of California, San Diego, CA, USA maya.vijayaraghavan@ucsf.edu.

Health Promotion Practice
|December 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Homeless shelters struggle to implement smoke-free policies due to resource and expertise barriers. Effective tobacco control programs require staff training and incentives for success.

Keywords:
homeless shelterssmoke-free policytobacco cessation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Tobacco Control

Background:

  • Tobacco-related chronic diseases significantly increase morbidity and mortality in the homeless population.
  • Homeless service settings rarely address tobacco use among clients.
  • Implementing smoke-free policies and cessation services presents unique challenges in shelters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine barriers and facilitators to implementing smoke-free policies and cessation services in homeless shelters.
  • To understand the perspectives of shelter directors and staff on tobacco control initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized questionnaires and in-depth, semistructured interviews with directors and staff from emergency and transitional shelters in San Diego County.
  • Assessed current no-smoking policies, outdoor smoking restrictions, and availability of cessation services.

Main Results:

  • Varied outdoor smoking restrictions were reported, with 61.5% having designated zones and 25% a campus-wide ban.
  • Approximately one-third of facilities offered on-site smoking cessation resources.
  • Staff identified resource needs for policy enforcement and lack of expertise as key barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Staff support smoke-free policies but face implementation challenges.
  • Developing effective tobacco control programs in homeless shelters necessitates staff training and incentives.
  • Addressing resource and expertise gaps is crucial for successful tobacco cessation initiatives in this population.