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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
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Indications for open procedures in the endoscopic era.

Iordanis Konstantinidis1, Jannis Constantinidis

  • 12nd Academic ORL Department, Aristotle University, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|December 19, 2015
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Summary

External approaches remain crucial for specific nasal and paranasal sinus conditions, despite advances in endoscopic sinus surgery. This review highlights current indications for open procedures in complex cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Rhinology

Background:

  • Endoscopic sinus surgery is the standard for many nasal and sinus disorders.
  • Limitations exist, necessitating traditional open surgical techniques in select cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on indications for external (open) surgical approaches in nasal and paranasal sinus management.
  • To identify specific scenarios where endoscopic techniques are insufficient.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies.
  • Analysis of case reports and clinical series detailing open surgical indications.

Main Results:

  • External approaches are still indicated for refractory frontal sinus inflammation (osteoplastic flap).
  • Complex tumors with extensive invasion and cerebrospinal fluid leaks often require open surgery.
  • Severe epistaxis unresponsive to endoscopic methods may necessitate external approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Despite endoscopic advancements, open procedures retain a vital role in managing complex sinonasal disorders.
  • Understanding these indications is crucial for optimal patient care in otolaryngology.