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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
440
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
919
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Related Experiment Video

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Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Isolated double-orifice mitral valve: a case report.

Philipp Krisai1,2, Bastian Wein3, Beat A Kaufmann4

  • 1Department of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. philipp.krisai@usb.ch.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|December 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Isolated double-orifice mitral valve is a rare congenital heart defect. Diagnosis in adults is possible via echocardiography, and isolated cases without other issues require no further follow-up.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Double-orifice mitral valve (DMV) is an extremely rare congenital heart anomaly.
  • It may arise from incomplete endocardial cushion fusion during embryogenesis.
  • Severe associated cardiac defects often lead to early childhood diagnosis, leaving adult prevalence unknown.

Observation:

  • A case of isolated DMV is presented in a 63-year-old female patient.
  • The diagnosis was incidental during routine echocardiography post-chemotherapy.
  • The patient was asymptomatic.

Findings:

  • Trans-thoracic echocardiography is effective for diagnosing and evaluating DMV.
  • It allows assessment of the valve's anatomical and functional characteristics.
  • Exclusion of concomitant cardiac anomalies, stenosis, or regurgitation is crucial.

Implications:

  • Isolated DMV without functional abnormalities requires no further follow-up.
  • Echocardiography plays a key role in the diagnosis and management of this rare anomaly.
  • Understanding the prevalence and presentation of isolated DMV in adults is important for clinical practice.