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Hypertension is associated with dysfunction of both peripheral and central auditory system
Tomasz Przewoźny1, Anna Gójska-Grymajło, Mariusz Kwarciany
1aDepartment of Otolaryngology bDepartment of Neurology of Adults cDepartment of Hypertension and Diabetology dDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland eDepartment of Cardiovascular Diseases, International Clinical Research Center, St.Anne's University Hospital in Brno (FNUSA), Brno, Czech Republic.
Journal of Hypertension
|December 20, 2015
Summary
Arterial hypertension impairs peripheral hearing, causing high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Central auditory functions, specifically spatial hearing, are also affected, though less severely.
Area of Science:
- Audiology
- Neuroscience
- Cardiology
Background:
- Arterial hypertension is a known risk factor for peripheral auditory system damage, leading to sensorineural hearing loss.
- The impact of hypertension on central auditory functions remains less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of arterial hypertension on both peripheral and central auditory functions.
- To compare auditory system performance in hypertensive patients versus healthy individuals.
Main Methods:
- Expanded tonal audiometry (0.125–12.5 kHz) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (0.75–8 kHz) assessed peripheral hearing.
- Horizontal minimum audible angle and random gap detection tests evaluated central auditory processing in 32 hypertensive patients and 32 controls.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive patients showed impaired peripheral hearing across all tested frequencies.
- Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were significantly lower in hypertensive patients at 4 kHz and 6 kHz.
- Sound localization (horizontal minimum audible angle) was significantly worse in hypertensive patients at specific azimuths.
Conclusions:
- Arterial hypertension is independently linked to peripheral auditory system damage, resulting in high-frequency hearing loss.
- Central auditory processing disturbances in hypertension are subtle, primarily affecting spatial hearing resolution.
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