Lifshitz Transition in the Double-Core Vortex in ^{3}He-B.

Area of Science:

• Condensed Matter Physics
• Quantum Fluids

Background:

• P-wave superfluids host unique fermionic states within vortex cores.
• Understanding these states is crucial for explaining exotic phenomena in quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the low-energy spectrum of fermion states in a weak-coupling p-wave superfluid vortex core.
• To explore the impact of Fermi liquid interactions on vortex structure and fermion behavior.
• To apply these findings to explain experimental observations in superfluid Helium-3 B.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical analysis of the fermion state spectrum.
• Modeling the influence of Fermi liquid interactions on vortex core structure.
• Connecting theoretical predictions to experimental data on superfluid dynamics.

Main Results:

• Identified two anomalous low-energy fermion branches in the vortex core.
• Observed a large density of states at half-vortex core locations.
• Demonstrated that Fermi liquid interactions induce a Lifshitz transition in the vortex core fermion Fermi surface.
• Provided a theoretical explanation for the slow rotational mode in superfluid Helium-3 B.

Conclusions:

• The study elucidates the complex behavior of fermion states in p-wave superfluid vortices.
• The findings offer a mechanism for the observed slow mode in superfluid Helium-3 B, linking vortex structure to fermionic properties.