Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management
05:35

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Published on: January 19, 2024

1.7K

Pediatric-specific reference intervals in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the

Roya Kelishadi1, Hamid Reza Marateb2, Marjan Mansourian3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|December 20, 2015
PubMed

Insights

This study establishes crucial age- and gender-specific reference intervals for key biomarkers in Iranian children and adolescents. These findings provide essential data for accurate health assessments in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Establishing normative data for pediatric biomarkers is essential for accurate diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Previous reference intervals for Iranian children and adolescents were lacking, necessitating this national study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine age- and gender-specific reference intervals for bone, metabolism, nutrition, and obesity biomarkers.
  • To create the first national database of biochemical reference intervals for Iranian youth.
  • To provide data relevant to the Middle East and North Africa region.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of blood samples from 4800 healthy Iranian children and adolescents (aged 7-19 years).
  • Determination of reference intervals for glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes, zinc, copper, chromium, magnesium, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D].
  • Application of Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute C28-A3 guidelines and Harris-Boyd partitioning by age and gender.

Main Results:

  • Twelve chemistry analyses showed distinct age and gender partitioning, with results between the 2.5th to 97.5th percentiles.
  • Significant gender differences in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were observed only in the 18-19 year age group.
  • 25-hydroxy vitamin D reference intervals were consistent across all age groups and both sexes.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first national reference intervals for numerous biochemical markers in Iranian children and adolescents.
  • These findings represent a significant contribution to the scientific literature from the Middle East and North Africa.
  • The results highlight the necessity of region- and ethnicity-specific reference intervals for accurate clinical interpretation.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentsbiomarkerschemistrypediatricsreference intervals

More Related Videos

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

28.0K
Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Children09:45

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Children

Published on: April 29, 2013

21.6K

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
738
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
462
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
330
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
704
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
373
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
255