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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Depression01:05

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Updated: Mar 28, 2026

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Post-Stroke Depression: A Review.

Robert G Robinson1, Ricardo E Jorge1

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The American Journal of Psychiatry
|December 20, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poststroke depression (PSD) significantly impacts stroke recovery, increasing disability and mortality. Early antidepressant treatment effectively prevents and treats PSD, enhancing physical and cognitive recovery and potentially improving long-term survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Poststroke depression (PSD) is a recognized psychiatric complication of stroke, with systematic studies beginning in the 1970s.
  • Meta-analyses have been crucial due to small patient numbers in individual stroke studies, though some merged data may obscure findings like cognitive impairment.
  • PSD significantly increases disability and mortality in stroke survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in the treatment and prevention of poststroke depression.
  • To explore the evolving understanding of PSD pathophysiology.
  • To highlight the clinical impact of PSD and its management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PSD treatment and prevention.
  • Synthesis of current research on the etiological factors and mechanisms of PSD.
  • Analysis of the impact of PSD on stroke recovery and long-term outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Antidepressants are effective in both treating and preventing PSD, significantly reducing its incidence compared to placebo.
  • Early antidepressant intervention for PSD shows promise in enhancing physical and cognitive recovery post-stroke.
  • Potential survival benefits up to 10 years post-stroke are suggested with early PSD treatment.
  • Emerging research points to inflammatory processes, genetic variations, white matter disease, and neurochemical changes as relevant etiological factors.

Conclusions:

  • Antidepressant therapy represents a significant clinical advance for managing PSD, improving patient outcomes.
  • Understanding the complex pathophysiology of PSD, including inflammatory and neurobiological factors, is crucial for developing targeted future treatments.
  • Effective management of PSD is essential for optimizing stroke recovery, reducing long-term disability, and improving survival rates.